Injection valve



Aug. 3, 1937. O w sc INJECTION VALVE Filed Oct. 25, 1955 Patented Aug.3, 1937 more!) STATES PATET OFFICE 1 Claim.

(Granted under the act of March 3, 1883, as amended April 30, 1928; 370O. G. 757) This invention relates to injection valves, and it has aparticular relation to injection valves for supplying a fuel charge tothe cylinder or combustion chamber of an engine of the Diesel or sparkignition types.

One of the objects of the present invention is the provision of aninjection valve of simple and compact construction for delivering thefuel in properly atomized condition to the combustion chamber, where itmay be ignited by the heat of compression or by an electric spark.

Another object of the invention is the provision of an injection valveof the character described, embodying a flexible diaphragm forcontrolling the flow of fuel to the combustion chamber and which may bedeflected in controllable amounts to regulate the pressure required toopen the same.

With these and other objects in View, as well as other advantages whichmay be incident to the use of the improvements, the invention consistsof the parts and combinations thereof hereinafter set forth and claimed,with the understanding that the several necessary elements constitutingthe same may be varied in proportion and arrangement without departingfrom the nature and scope of the invention, as defined in the appendedclaim.

In order to make the invention more clearly understood, there are shownin the accompanying drawing means for carrying the invention intopractical efiect, without limiting the improvements in their usefulapplication to the particular construction, which, for purposes ofexplanation, have been made the subject of illustration.

In the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is a view, partly in side elevation and partly in longitudinalsection, of an injection valve embodying the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the shim or spacing washer;

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the diaphragm;

Fig. 4 is a bottom plan view of the structure shown in Fig. 1, and,

Fig. 5 is an enlarged, fragmentary, longitudinal, sectional view of thelower portion of the valve.

Referring to the drawing, an injection valve constructed in accordancewith the present invention is shown as comprising a hollow outer memberI 0 provided with screw threads H for engagement with a threaded openingin the combustion chamber or manifold of a Diesel or spark ignitionengine, and with a hexagonal portion l2 for engagement by a wrench. Themember I0 is also'formed with an internal annular shoulder l3 and withan end wall I4 having a concave inner face l5 provided with a pluralityof outlet apertures it. An inner member I! having threads I8 is threadedinto the correspondingly threaded upper portion of the member ID, and isalso formed with a hexagonal portion IQ for engagement by a wrench. Theinner member I1 is also provided with an annular shoulder 20 forengagement with a shim or spacing washer 2!, which is seated upon theshoulder I 3, and also with a cylindrical lower portion 22 provided withan axial protuberance 23 for engagement with a metal diaphragm 24. Thisdiaphragm is supported adjacent to the end wall M in bridging relationto the concavity l5 therein, and is provided with a plurality of ports25 in registering with the outlet apertures H6. The diaphragm 24 isprevented from rotating and disturbing the alignment of the ports 25with the apertures It by means of a'key 26 engageable with a notch 27formed in the periphery of the diaphragm.

The inner member I! is provided with an axially disposed fuel inletpassage 28 which extends throughout the length of the member ID andopens through the protuberance 23 and also with an upper screw threadedportion 29 for attachment to a suitable fuel line.

The shim 2i is of such thickness that when the inner member I! isthreaded into the outer member ID the protuberance 23 will deflect thediaphragm 24 into the concavity l5 of the wall M a slight distance, asshown in Fig. 5, and normally close the inner end of the fuel inletpassage 28. The pressure of the fuel, however, will flex the diaphragm24 outwardly so as to permit fuel to pass from the inlet passageway 28into the spaceabove the diaphragm and thence through the ports 25therein to the space between the diaphragm and the end wall M, fromwhere it escapes through the outlet apertures 16. The pressure at whichthe fuel is delivered may be regulated by varying the thickness of theshim H, which controls the initial deflection of the dia-' phragm 24.

From the foregoing it will be apparent that a Very simple and eflicientinjection valve is provided in which the only surface requiring lap:-ping is the lower surface of the protuberance 23.

In the event that excess pressure should develop in the inlet passage 28the diaphragm 24 will be flexed to a position in which it is supportedthroughout its area by the end wall I 4 which prevents any furthermovement thereof. This eliminates any possibility of the diaphragmbecoming ruptured by undue flexing. During the 2 explosion of the chargein the cylinder the diaphragm 24 seats firmly against the protuberance23 and effectually seals the inlet passage 28 against the escape of gasinto the fuel line.

It will be understood that communication past the diaphragm 24 may beobtained by providing suitable ports in the side wall of the member 10instead of in the diaphragm itself, and also that the protuberance 23may be provided on the diaphragm 24 instead of on the cylindrical member22. Also, it will be apparent that the shim 2| may be seated between themember 22 and the outer circumference of the diaphragm 24, if sodesired.

Other modifications in the proportions and arrangement of the parts maybe made by those skilled in the art without departing from the natureand scope of the invention, as set forth in the appended claim.

The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or forthe Government of the United States of America for governmental purposeswithout the payment of any royalties thereon or therefor.

What is claimed is:

An injection valve comprising a hollow element adapted to be inserted inthe spark-plug opening of an internal combustion engine, and having anannular shoulder and an inner reentrant end wall provided with a fueloutlet; an inner member threaded into said hollow element in seatingengagement with said shoulder and formed with a centrally disposedprotuberance provided with a fuel inlet; a perforated diaphragm mountedin said hollow element and seated at the periphery of said end Wall forengagement with said protuberance and adapted to close said inlet whenthe pressure of the fuel therein decreases to a predetermined value andto be flexed away from said protuberance to open said inlet for thepassage of fuel therethrough when the pressure of the fuel inletincreases to a predetermined value, said protuberance maintaining saiddiaphragm under an initial vdeflection; and spacing means interposedbetween said shoulder and said inner v member for varying such initialdeflection.

OSCAR W. SCHEY.

